HALL COLLECTION – WASHINGTON VISIT

HALL COLLECTION – WASHINGTON VISIT

 

[58915-N (#7) – PRIVATE JOURNAL – Nov 19, 1865 – Apr 3, 1866]

Nov. 22/65 – [Inuit tell of wood growing on Prince of Wales Island (Shartoo)] I believe the Innuits truly think so, but from some erroneous cause.1

Dec. 2/65 – Ou-e-la is a man that would command respect, honor & admiration in civilized lands for his truly eminent, genuine & inherent virtues.2

Dec. 11/65 – [Armou] related to me how, when he was quite small, he was out hunting took-too with his father then living at Am-i-toke a place not very far to the southward of Ig-loo-lik, & during the hunt his father saw a considerable distance from him a large band of Et-ker-lin (Indians) … These Indians attempted to reach that part of the North (near Pond’s Bay) where Ar-mou’s wife came from but they all starved & froze to death before getting there.3

Dec. 14/65 – [Seegar describes a watch which he obtained from Nee-wik-ee-too, a very old man, Neitchille, when at Pelly Bay in 1853-54. Nee-wik-ee-too was “step brother of Too-shoo-art-thar-iu.” (and father of Teekeeta?)]

He [Nee-wik-ee-too] got the watch where a boat was turned bottom up making it ti-ma-na-took (all the same) as an Igloo. There were dead bodies of Kob-lu-nas under & about the boat besides many human bones, some with flesh on & others with most of it off as if it had been cut off with a knife. Several limbs (arms & legs) were lying about having that part of the dress on wh. belonged to them. Nee-wik-ee-too as well as other Innuits visited the ship or ships & saw the Koblunas aboard some time before the dead bodies were found. Most of the Innuits in that part of the country & neighbourhood visited the ship or ships & afterwards moved far from there. After this one Innuit went alone to the ship or ships. This was before the ship or ships was crushed in the ice.

Nee-wik-ee-too a very tall man. He took the watch off the dead body of a Kob-lu-na that was lying under the boat. This was on a large island not very far from Neitch-il-le. The Kob-lu-nas & the boat came from a ship that was crushed in the ice. Before hard times came upon the Kob-lu-nas the Innuits saw the ship or ships. He (N) did not see any Ko-blu-nas about the boat but these dead bodies & a great many things under the boat. See-gar does not recollect what Nee-wik-ee-too said these things were. Some of the Kob-lu-nas before they died had eaten the flesh of their dead companions as Nee-wik-ee-too thought from what he had seen about & under the boat. See-gar did not see the inside of N’s watch. Said old See-gar on my questioning him about the matter: “The Kin-na-pa-too Innuits of Chesterfield Inlet told me about Ag-loo-ka (Crozier) & of the one man with him of his having arrived arrived [sic] among them a long time before. This was a considerable time after Too-shoo-art-thar-u had told me (See-gar) that Ag-loo-ka was a man that would not starve. Ou-e-la being in the Igloo at the time Seegar related the above says that he did not see the watch of Neewikeetoo but he did see one that another Neitchille Innuit had whose name was Poo-yee-tun. This he (P.) bartered off to his (O’s) father (Koo-nik-char-lee) who let Dr. Rae have it on his last voyage here. Poo-yet-tun got the watch where there were several dead Koblunas.4

Jan. 15/65 – This PM Ou-e-la has been telling me of the traditions among the Kinnapatoo Innuits who are in the neighbourhood of Chesterfield Inlet relative to a vessel or two vessels that were wrecked a long time ago close to Marble Island [called Ook-soo-yer by the Innuits] & of the death of the whites who escaped from the vessel or vessels to the Island.5

Mar. 4/66 – What a double souled Innuit is Ou-e-la! In him is apparently, at times, a good heart – but in the interval, there looms up in him the very devil himself!6

Mar. 10/66 [Hall describes Marko’s fear when at Pelly Bay with Dr. Rae.]

Mar. 11/66 – Ou-e-la this evening told me that when Dr. Rae was here the 1st time he had an India Rubber boat wh. was blown away by a Nor Western & lost but this was found again on Dr. R’s return from his spring journies [sic] in 1847.7

Mar. 15/66 – [Ang-u-wer-shuk, wife of An-goom-oo-too-lik, mother of Ou-e-la’s wife An-ning-arn (who was also known as “Queen Emma”) tells Tookoolitoo]

She and other Repulse Bay Innuits were at Pelly Bay [in 1854] … a woman by the name of I-see-wont, a See-neem-e-ute who belonged to See-nee, a place near Cape Berens on Rae’s chart (wh. cape is West side of & at the entrance to Pelly Bay) gave a paper having writing on it to the mother of “Queen Emma” …8

Mar. 17/66 – [continuation of interview above] had a manuscript paper in her possession that came from SJF’s Expedition but threw same away only two days before she saw Dr. Rae in 1854 at this place.9

Mar. 17/66 – [continuation of interview above] … the paper long & narrow [Hall indicates a size of 12″ by 5″] written only one side … the paper not torn a bit … the marks on writing like mine … [I-see-wont and other Seeunemeute Inuit were together when she found the things, also found several clothed skeletons, watches, money etc.]10

Mar. 19/66 [Armou traces the route to Pond’s Bay which he took when he stole his wife, he describes a large bay, the openin g of which is shown on Parry’s chart to the east of Igloolik – the walrusing place at the north of this bay is Ing-nier-ring – indicating the stone found there which was used by the Inuit” in striking fire.”]11

58916-N (a) #8

May 17/66 – [Seepunger’s wife tells of meeting McClintock, see also booklet “Jottings Apr 30 to May 5th 1866, p. 19]

May 18/66 – [Wife of Seepunger, named Ki-u-tuk] says the Innuit name who tik-lee-pu (stole) the saw off the sledge of the white men a few years ago was Kok-ee-loke-toe & is now dead … It was not off the sledge but from a deposit on the ice. Also stole some ood-loos from same deposit. [See McC p 229]12

[Ki-u-tuk] has just told me throgh Mam-mark who is my Interpreter that the little tin match box she gave me when at the 40th enct. was found by 2 men in an In-nook-shoo-yer (cairn of stone) on an Island at Ook-joo-lik & it had a paper in it. One man’s name Pierk-shu-yer & the other Su-pung-er.13

Apr. 13th/66 [Nukerzhoo’s wife Nood-loo-ong, age “35 to 40”, widow of Artooa, her mother is Seegar’s sister. When at Pelly Bay in 1854] when Dr. Rae & party passed through that part of the country [recalls hearing a great deal about ships & Kob-lu-nas.] One Innuit in particular used to come after into her (Nood-loo-ong’s) mother’s Igloo & tell long interesting stories about the ships he had seen near Neitchille & of the white people aboard & afterwards of seeing many dead Koblunas (whites). This Innuits name Kok-lee-ar-nung whose mother was sister to Seegar’s mother. Kok-lee-ar-nung & many other Innuits saw Aglooka (Crozier) & many other whites while on board the ship or ships …14

[Black men & attack on Crozier’s party by Etkerlin mentioned on p. 48]

Kok-er-ling-arn is the Innuit who went aboard Aglooka’s (Crozier’s) ship & saw the black men come out of a hole forward. Aglooka seeing that he (Kok-er-ling-arn) was very much frightened spoke to a man by him who cried out to the black men when they all disappeared where they came from.15

Nood-loo-ong says that several Innuits saw Aglooka & the 3 men with him after being found by Tooshooarthariu but {54} is not certain whether Kok-er-ling-arn said whether he himself saw them then or not. Kok-er-ling-arn however did see Aglooka & many other Koblunas on board of the ship many times before Aglooka & the three men were found by Too-shoo-art-tar-ri-u.16

[Apr 30th at C. Weynton met Kokleeargnun]

[Kokleearngnun stories as per Nourse – ship sinking & men drowning {Booklet Apr. 29 – May 1st}, 1866, p 46-7; 3 men drowning in boat accident, p. 48]

[one man so tall could see sky between his legs] … An An-et-koo an-koo-ted for this tall man to die for all the Innuits feared him.17

[Seepunger] knows just where the Sealed Record Vault (as I think it is) really lies.18

[Hall told of 2 Shartoos, one near Pelly Bay and the other being Prince of Wales Island; Seepunger tells of a strange monument with a pointing finger; Hall also theorizes about the E. Coast of KWI party and the vault.]19

May 25/66 – [At his own request Seepunger hung Ook-su, brother of Kobbig & Kokleearngnun, who was a sick old man] Among his effects was a Ms. paper wh. Too-shoo-art-thar-ri-u had a long time before given him (Ook-su) wh. paper was one of the large package of the Ms. papers given Too-shoo-art-tar-ri-u by Crozier (Aglooka). This paper was thrown away only last winter! This makes two important documents that belonged to SJF’s Expedition that have been destroyed by this fellow See-pung-er.20

HALL’S PRIVATE JOURNAL 58926-N #18 – 8-4-1866 – 9-26-1869

[Wager Bay is also called “Oot-koo-ish-e-lik”, the same name as the Great Fish River]21

Wed. July 22nd (1868) – … the Innuits about us (of course I do not include my Jo & Hannah) act upon the principle that if they can get the lion’s share they care nothing for any body else. I allow them full sweep to work out their full natural propensities that I may learn if such be the fact whether they would or would not have white men starve rather than grant them a fair share in getting their own living. I am of the undoubted opinion that Innuits in general would let white men starve at their very doors if they had not the idea that by saving them they would be rewarded in something that they wanted. My experiences on my late sledge journey while among the Innuits at Oo-glit Isle, at See-er-wok (Tern Isle) & at the village on the sea ice 5 miles N.E. of Igloolik prove that Innuits care not for white men’s stomachs so long as the Innuits themselves have only what they can stuff into their own capacious paunches. I am sure if any of SJF’s men were ever seen by any of that people on Melville Peninsula, they were shunned thinking that the unfortunate creatures would be a tax upon their own stuffed but never satisfied stomachs. Any white man is better off living upon his own efforts & resources than to fall into the presence of Savage Innuits. Starving white men while alone have in the North simply Death to dread but if starving white men have Innuits about them they have Death & Devils to dread & a present hell for their curse.22

58936-N #31

[Papa] … for his kind & persevering efforts to make me understand that 2 Ig-loos or rather 2 stone buildings had been seen not a great many years ago, by an Innuit not far from Ig-loo-lik wh. information has finally led me to give the joyful news that white men of SJF’s Expedition may still be living on the south shore of Fury & Hecla Strait …23

[Ik-ku-mer’s wife thought that the presence of the strangers on the Melville Peninsula] was cause of the troubles at Igloolik.24

[Hannah had been sent by Hall to re-examine Ik-ku-mer’s wife, who had earlier given Hall an account. Hannah cleverly decided to tell I’s wife that she only remembered 1/2 of the tale and had come back for it to get it down in writing. I’s wife asked what she (H) remembered and (H), to test her memory and veracity, subtly changed a few minor facts, all of which were immediately corrected by I’s wife to agree with her prior testimony.]25

[Ik-ku-mer’s wife told of Etkerlin, but Quasher’s wife corrected her, saying “No, Kobluna”] at the same time swing[ing] her hands in immitation [sic] of white men swinging their hands [while walking].26

[testimony of Ikkumer’s and Quasher’s wives] … the 3 stones the Kod-lin [Kodluna] left some days before. The long man forward, short one behind with bundle on his back about 2 feet long. 1st man not show {illegible} but swing of hand [probably big cape on coat] dark clothes but a very short distance off – man & woman with them. Trow-Kok name of man now dead – the woman of Ig-loo-lik. Man sick that was of the party that started from Ig-loo-lik.27

… In the fall six years after Dr. Rae went away when here the 2nd time a party of Innuits went deer hunting at See-jok-big. Qua-shu wife & family Too-koo-lat & family & a good many more. All the rest of the Innuits but Qua-shu & wife Too-koo-lat & one old man a relation of Too-koo-lat stopped at Koong-wa (upper end of N. Pole Lake). There these the hunters killed a good many took-too. By & by Qua-shu & Too-koo-lat leave the old man & their families at Koong-wa & go on towards See-jok-big killing deer on the way. The old man & families move along slow following after then old man & women stop 1/2 way to See-jok-big from Koong-wa they left some skins & meat then next day Qua-shu’s wife & Too-goo-lat’s wife returned for meat & skins. Night before this return it snowed for the 1st time & some remained the next day. Got pretty near the skins & meat when Too-goo-lat’s wife saw across the lake on E. side Etkerlin. The women were on one side & saw the Etkerlin on the opposite. Then by & by after seeing the 2 Etkerlin they went down the hill to get the skins & meat – there saw the tracks in fresh snow – the tracks very long & narrow Etkerlin tracks – then go home – going home hear a noise shouting very loud & they were most [of the way] home & they thought Etkerlin were killing the old man.

Then Too-koo-lat’s wife asked the old man what he had been crying about for they found him all right – he said he no make any noise since they left him. Then the old man no sleep & women no sleep all that night after seeing & hearing what they did.

That night the old man shouting & crying all night to the Etkerlin praying them not be hard on them. The old man crying thus all night – “Anny-nurk-a-tu-nen-lu-e-wish-ee” – “We are cousins.”

Next day old man step-father of Too-koo-lat & the women put off for See-jok-big – they finally get to the other Innuits at See-jok-big & From that time trouble all the time about the Et-ker-lin losing something & things changed – no one going out alone – Women pick fire wood somebody go with her – no man go hunting alone.28

By & by three women go pick fire wood Molasses’ [Quasher’s] wife Took-goo-lat’s wife & one other woman – by & by they pick fire wood & start to go home then Qua-shu’s wife stopped to fix her bundle of fire wood for a string had broken. The other 2 women kept on walking on by & by the woman behind could see them for they had gone down a hill.

Qua-shu’s wife the woman behind walked on & soon a little one side of her over a ahead she saw a head pop up & down from behind a big rock. She came along & now & then a head would pop up & withdraw. She thought it to be one of the women who had gone ahead & when she near she cried up “I can see you.” She had got back a few steps when she saw the two women her companions treading on abreast & then she became frightened for she knew she had been greatly mistaken in thinking that one behind the rock to be one of the women – on telling Hannah this she said “if you don’t believe it ask Too-goo-lat’s wife.”

Qua-shu’s wife was awfully frightened & threw off her pack right away & ran as hard as she could after the other women who were not far from the tent.29

Good while after all the men were out side of the tent (the ponds & lakes partially frozen up & Took-too hunt closed) to get meat & Tood-noo; by & by while eating one of the party saw two Etkerlin on the other side of the lake by wh. they were – they (the E.) were seen to pass along southerly & after a while coming to an arm of the lake where they could not safely pass they turned back & after a while did not see them move again. They were watched till dark.30

By & by all the Innuits (some Neitchille men – there among them E-nook-poo-she-jook of the number) moved along this way toward I-wil-lik (southerly) travelling as Innuits do men ahead women & children following. The men going ahead tho[ugh] good way off from Koong-wa they saw a great smoke rising from there. As the party got a little further on toward Koong-wa they saw 7 men walking {illegible} now & then hid behind hills among wh. the 7 men were travelling. When they got to Koong-wa the Innuits found all the meat & all the fire wood that belonged to Qua-shu & Too-goo-lat gone – they found a fire place close by where the 2 piles of meat [Qua-shu & Too-goo-lat’s] had been. The fire-place was inside of a Took-too Look-out such as made for Innuits to stand or sit in as may be to watch deer wh. way they are coming from & going to. This wall high. The fire place inside this & made by 2 stones for kettle to sit on – using the wall for back of it. Here where the meat had been cooked – the kettle must have been moved for so all the Innuits thought on account of the appearance of the marks of smoke on the stones. The 7 men Etkerlin as seen by the party of Innuits were dressed in clothing looking black as {illegible}. There was good deal of meat int he 2 piles. Qua-shu’s pile had 2 saddles & good many carcasses of deer & Too-goo-lats had a lot of meat & there was a big pile of fire wood [Andromeda] close by.31

This the last till Qua-shu & wife went over to Mel-o-kee-ta [Lyons Inlet] to see other Innuits on their return same fall when 1/2 way between Melokeeta & Tu-mee the dogs smelt something & tried to follow the scent. The day one of storm wind blowing & snow flying. On examination it was found that many fresh tracks of men were what the dogs were following – the foot marks of men with long and narrow feet – two men had on very long something on their feet wh. were sharp at both ends – wherever the snow was soft & deep these big tracks kept up the snow while those who had not these things all sank deep – tracks going toward the N.E. – very many had just been made for some plain not much snow in them.32

[Instructions to Frank Lailor for Tookoolitoo] – Tell Hannah to have a little more talk with Molasses’ wife that she (Molasses’ wife) may be particular in talking exactly how many years if was after Dr. Rae was here the last time that the seven white men or Indians stole the took-too at Koong-wa. Tell Hannah to ask Molasses’ wife if she is sure Dr. Rae had gone home when the Innuits lost some deer meat at Koong-wa. Tell Jo & Hannah that they must be sure that they have got it all right so that they understand exactly when it was that Koo-pa saw the tracks of a white man near Ig-loo-lik – & when it was that he & two other Innuits saw the four Etkerlin (Indians) not a great ways from Igloolik.

[On Feb 28th Hall notes the return of his party – “Frank executed the foregoing order with fidelity … Jo & Hannah have been faithful in carrying out my wishes to learn all the facts relative to what some of the Innuits have seen about Repulse Bay & near Igloolik as pertaining [to] white men that will, I doubt not, prove to have been some of SJF’s Expedition.”]33

[King-me-toke-big was reached on April 6th, close in to land N. of a point called Kong-mung] Pa-pa says Lyon & Parry had their tents here – killed ducks [Hall later noted in margin “the story of Innuits that Parry had tent at King-me-toke-big not confirmed by old Ar-tung-un who say Parry & Lyon. He said the reason some Innuits think that Parry had tents there because some beads were found there. – H. June 27/68”]34

[Net-tar also told Hall of Kia seeing a stranger “the place was very near AR-lang-na-zhu a bay on the west side of Melville Peninsula, some ways below Adg-go”]35

[Hall interviewed Toogoolat, who surprisingly said that he did not remember having been robbed or having seen 7 white men – but he then said that his wife might remember! Toogoolat went on, and admitted that] that time much talk about Indians being about & seen & that 2 women saw what they thought were Indians. Qua-sher he says will shay-la-vou (lie) a good deal, but his wife will not tell lies.36

[Hall next interviews the wife of Toogoolat (Oo-shoot) who describes Koong-wa as “the strait that unites N. Pole Lake and Christie Lake.”] I asked Hannah what the woman [Oo-shoot] had told & with joyous face she replies; “All right – she tells the same story as Kar-wong-un.” Of course I rejoice.

The time when the party was stopping at Koong-wa & lost their tuk-too & saw Etkerlin was before Dr. Rae came to Repulse Bay the last time – it was a long time after he was there the 1st time. … Same fall [of theft] Too-goo-lat & wife left I-wil-lik for Igloolik & did not see Dr. Rae when at I-wil-lik last time.37

[Kia’s sister also recalled Kia having seen “2 buildings made of mud or stone not far from Ar-lang-na-zhu & Adge-go.” They] said Koolooa saw the buildings 10 years ago not counting this year or the year that he saw them. Nut-er-lik [heard Kia tell of man’s] … thin clothes – not skin clothes.38

… Nut-er-lik has told me today through “Jo” as interpreter that some of the Innuits about here have hunted from time to time Polar Bears up toward Adge-go & that they have often wondered why it was that the Bears appeared very shy running away at once on seeing the Innuits. Not many years ago finally a Bear killed & it had a fresh wound as of a lance or something like it. Much wonderment about this matter as well as about the general shyness of the Bears toward Adge-go. Innuits have thought that it might be a certain Innuit or Innuits of Too-noo-nee-noo-shuk that killed some other Innuits & ran away might be living near Ar-lang-na-zhoo or between there and Adge-go.39

[Koolooa denies having seen 2 buildings]40

[On April 17th while travelling “up Hooper Inlet” Hall describes his route “we begin to see the line of mountains – the particular high land we 1st see is Nel-lo-ki-ok-big {Mel-lo-ki-ok-big?} where Quasher & wife saw the two White men in 1860.”]41

[From Grinnell Lake Hall follows a river down, at 4:15 a river from the north joins the one he is on. At 6:00] … we have just passed a line of sand hills on our right & Koo-loo-a points out ahead where he saw the stranger tracks he saw in 1854. VIh-30m Stop for making our 5th Igloo since leaving Oo-glit close by the place where the tracks were seen & the gun report by Koo-loo-a.42

[5 miles SW out from Cape Ellice at 3-41 PM – at 6 PM Koolooa] points to southward saying there is the land where Ki-a saw that man.43

… the Etkerlin as Ki-a supposed the man to be passing to the North44

Note: I must remember to learn of Igloolik natives about the small {illegible} sled Koo-pa told me was found on one of the Islands of F & H. S. [Fury & Hecla Strait] a few years ago.45

Koo-loo-a saw the strange tracks where we had our 5th Igloo & 2 days after this Ki-a saw the stranger down on the land by this our 7th enct.46

… Monument bears from Jessie (?) Isle S27W Ex. W. Point Cape Crozier N39W & dist by estimate 3 ms. [Hall notes that Rae’s “Jessie Island” N. of C. Crozier is not there but the island he is calling Jessie Island is NE by E from Cape Crozier.]

[Koolooa] says no Innuit can make that monument or made the cache that had been made with the stones near that monument – A hole was dug out among the rocks & something deposited in it afterwards the stones covering the cache were thrown all in a pile one side & the deposit whatever it was taken out.47

[cache is] buried deep in a huge bank of snow that lies over the steep bank of ground running alongside of the plain on the margin of wh. is the monument.48

[observations at monument are Horizontal Sextant angles]

Xh-5m A.M. Hannah has found the tenting place of White Men! – an oblong tent & 4 fresh upturned Stones are at each corner to make fast lines of the tent – the stones show an age since turned up out of their bed the same as monument-stones …

Jo, Hannah & Koo-loo-a are sure the oblong shape of tenting place & the 4 stones at the corners outside row of small stones tell the truth that Innuits never did that work. The contrast particularly striking between the tenting place of the whites & that of the natives …

[Kia told Innu that his strangers] had a red neck or something red about his neck. This means a rash as Jo says. Koo-loo-a feels very bad that we have failed to find the cache stones – is afraid as Jo says that I will think that he has told a lie about the matter – I tell Jo that I have found Koo-loo-a a most truthful man & that I do not wonder that we cannot find the cache stones under such a long, wide, deep drift of snow since it was 13 years ago since Koo-loo-a saw them. Koo-loo-a a man of truth for I have sharply tested him.49

[near oblong tent was an oval of small stones] The little oval row of 15 small stones is where a pile of things that could not be gotten into the small tent was probably left the stones to keep a skin cover over the pile. Koo-loo-a, Jo & Hannah are sure this tenting place was never made by Innuits. Jo & Hannah being well acquainted with White man’s ways are so certain that White men had a Enct. here. Both Frank & myself have not the least doubt but this was White men’s Enct.50

… Just before leaving the place of the 8th enct (by Monument) I had Jo, Koo-loo-a & Frank present when I took down the monument stone by stone. The long large foundation stone rested in a bed of frozen sand. There was evidence enough that the ground about & under the monument had never been disturbed. All the stones showed just how far they had been in the ground before digging them out for the monument. Koo-loo-a said when he found the monument stones looked so fresh as if made the year before – now they look old.51

… White men’s tracks were seen near the head of Quilliam Creek therefore shall take a look around there …52

[Upon returning to Inuit encampment Hall heard] the news that an Innuit had been here while I was gone by the name of Kod-loon [Kudloon] from See-er-wuk (Tern Isle) to tell me that several years ago when Ki-a was alive he saw a stone hut near Ar-lang-na-zhu (Garry Bay) & found in it a piece of canvas. The stone hut was not made by Innuits nor was the canvas anything that the Innuits ever possessed. Kod-loon also said that he recollected that Qua-shu & his wife Kar-wong-a told him at the time about seeing white men several years ago when they saw the 2 white men at Nel-li-ki-ok-big – a place in the High Land NW of here {Igloolik}. This much Kud-loon told Pa-pa & other Innuits of Oo-glit on his visit here.53

[Talking with Six-e-en, wife of In-nu, Hall determined that it had been “9 winters including this ‘since there was trouble at Igloolik.’ Hall makes this out as 1859 and notes that “this agrees within 1 year of the time when Qua-sher & his wife saw the 2 white men.”]54

… One statement may here be made that White men have been living on Melville Peninsula for several years & no man knowing what I do can possibly believe otherwise. They are part of the lost companions of SJF.55

Koo-loo-a … from what I know of him, is as good an Innuit as ever I got acquainted with. In fact I do not believe a more honest heart beats in human frame. I really love him – his goodness really shines all over his face; I learn from Oo-glit Innuits Koo-loo-a is always as I have found him.56

… expect to make sledge journey to the entrance of Gifford River to-morrow to examine a tenting place of white men wh. was found 2 summers ago.57

[May 19th, 3:45 Hall enters Gifford Inlet – cannot understand why Parry would call such a straight expanse of water a “river”. At 4:40 he passes a bay (on the right side) where a river enters the inlet] 5:15 – Arrive onto land N.E. side “Gifford River” near the spot of the Kod-lu-nar tent place … walk up the bank to a ridge of small stones – shingle – where Kow-may-yoe points to the spot where she said is the tent of the Kod-lu-nans.

6:05 PM – I find a single small shot wh. is proof quite positive that truth has been told by Kow-may-yoe about its being white men’s tenting place. A little later & another shot is found.58

I believe the above latitude [70? 01′ 09″N] to be right but it does not agree with Parry’s chart. Cape Griffiths as well as Gifford River of Parry’s Chart should be full 3 miles farther North. From Cape Griffith to Muk-ko-sharn distance 4 Ms. on true Course N34?W …59

If Mr. Hoppner made so great a mistake as to call the Inlet or long narrow Bay wh. I have just visited a river may I not think he was 3 miles in error in his Latitude of Cape Griffith & that portion of the so-called Gifford River wh. came under my observation? The Innuits term for Mr. Hoppner’s River is Kun-nuk-chu wh. means a Bay – & so it really is.60

Tent place by stones around Tent shows it to have been N & S by compass in its lengthwise position – stones arranged in an oblong form 10 feet X 8 feet. 12 stones & a large one at the N. end that is N by Compass 7 of my walking measures across shingle ridge where place is. 40 my walk sea to sea across the Isthmus where tent place is, 30 do. [ditto] the length of the shingle ridge. About 1/2 mile the length of the peninsula.61

Jo says the Innuits where I sent him & Frank to-day told him of a sword that Ar-tung-un once had that came from Pelly Bay – Now this sword at Too-noo-nee (Pond’s Bay) as they suppose …62

 

JOURNAL, MAY 1866-JULY 14, 1866
58919-N (#11)

Friday, May 4th, 1866 … some four years ago one of the men of the Pelly Bay natives in whose village we are encamped, whose name is Su-pung-er, visited Kee-it-tung (King Williams Land) & passes from one end (the south end) to the other (the N. end) in summer when the snow was entirely off the ground. He was accompanied by his father’s brother. Their object was to search for things that once belonged to the white men who had died on & in the neighborhood of King William’s Land.

Through Too-koo-li-too and E-bier-bing as interpreters Su-pung-er has told me many interesting incidents relative to this journey. Last evening at a late hour this native was in my Igloo where I took up Dr Rae’s chart & by the aid of Nuk-er-zhoo, Su-pung-er told me of this journey & some of its incidents but I purposely delayed making any extended note of it for I wished to have my good interpreter (Too-koo-li-too) present to facilitate my fully comprehending all that Su-pung-er had to say about the matter.

… I then asked Too-koo-li-too to have Su-pung-er describe that place on the ground he & his unkle [sic] found when near the North extreme of King Williams Land & wh. had attracted their particular attention. He said that near the sea ice was a large tupik of same kind of material as that now covering the habitation of E-bier-bing & Too-koo-li-too … (after the dome of his Igloo fell in last evening, [Ebierbing] spread a canvas over the walls so that he has a Kong-mong (Half tupik & half Igloo.))

A little way inland from this tupik wh. was not erect but prostrate he & his uncle came to place where they found a skeleton of a Kob-lu-na (white man) some parts of it having clothing on while other parts were without any it having been torn off by wolves or foxes. Near this skeleton they saw a stick standing erect wh. had been broken off – the part broken off lying close by. From the appearance both he & his uncle thought the stick, or rather small pillar or post, had been broken off by a Ni-noo (polar bear) on taking hold of that part of the wooden pillar wh. was erect they found it firmly fixed – could not move it a bit. But what attracted their attention the most on arriving at this pillar was a stone – or rather several large flat stones lying flat on the sandy ground & tight to-gether. After much labor one of these stones was loosened from its carefully fixed position & by great exertions of both nephew & uncle the stone was lifted up a little at one edge just sufficient that they could see that another tier of large flat stones firmly & tightly fitted together was underneath. This discouraged them in their purpose wh. was to remove the stones to see what had been buried there for they was [sic] quite sure that something valuable was underneath. On my asking Su-pung-er to take a long handled knife wh. I handed to him, & make out on the snow about the shape & size of the spot covered by these flat stones, he at once did as I desired – & the spot marked was some 4 feet long & 2 feet broad. The pillar of wood stood by one side of it – not at the end but on one side. The part of the stick or pillar standing was about 4 feet high as indicated by Su-pung-er on my person & the whole height on replacing the part broken off, about six feet from the ground. As nephew & uncle were in want of wood they spent a good deal of time in digging the part erect loose. It was deeply set in the sand. The shape of this stick or pillar was a peculiar one to these natives. The part in the ground was square. Next to the ground was a big ball & above this to within a foot or so of the top the stick was round. The top part was about 3 or 4 inches square. No part of it was painted – all natural wood color.

As soon as Su-pung-er had completed his description about the stones telling how carefully they had been placed so as to make it impossible for any water to get between them, Too-koo-li-too said to me with a joyful face, “I guess I can tell just what that is for – for papers!” And, said I, I think so too. – Time & again Su-pung-er said that the stones were just as if they were tied together. My conclusions are that the stones were laid in cement & that they cover a vault of the precious documents of the Franklin Expedition or the greater part of them.63

Su-pung-er & his uncle found what Too-koo-li-too says are many graves of the Kob-lu-nas not far from the place just described. From the description of Su-pung-er, as given to-day with Rae’s map before us, he & uncle saw a great pile of clothing further N. on King Williams Land than the graves – & at another place saw a great many tin things (canisters). Previous to starting on this journey they saw a big pile of clothing at Cape Sabine N the head of Wellington Strait. The large tent seen, & the flat stones convering something that they sought to get but couldn’t was above that is N. of the big or long bay wh is south of Ross’s “Point Victory”. They saw very many rein-deer in various parts of King Williams Land except at the extreme N. point of it. There game was very scarce & for this reason could not prolong their search along down the W. side of the Island as far as they desired. The land very low & sandy at the Northern part of the island & down as far as they followed the coast on W. side wh. was to Back’s Bay. The ice very heavy & very much broken wherever they could see when to the westward & northward at the upper part of the island while at the same time the channel bet[ween] King Williams Land & Boothia was clear of ice. No water to be seen at all on the N & W sides – all ice there. No Innuits live that side – saw no Musk oxen.

This P.M. I have heard from the lips of the sister of Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u the astounding News that Ag-loo-ka (Crozier) gave to her brother a large package of papers when her brother Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u found him & those with him starving. When Crozier gave this package of papers to her brother he told him a great deal about what to do with it but Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u couldn’t comprehend what Ag-loo-ka meant & some time after on opening the package he (T.) thought the papers of no value to himself so he gave them away, a few at a time, to different Innuits – gave quite a lot to this sister who gave them to the children to play with. On my showing this sister a book with printed letters in it & some Ms. papers she at once seized the latter & said, all the papers Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u received from Ag-loo-ka were ti-ma-na-to (just like them) that is just like the written papers.64

She & her husband both said that many of these were in the possession of Innuits at Pelly Bay when Dr Rae was there last time but neigher he or Mar-ko (young Ouligbuck) ever asked for anything of the kind. Now she is very sorry her brother did not keep them till he saw some one who wanted such things. From her description the package quite large. There were a great-great many papers. Although her brother kept giving & giving them away to Innuits, it was a long time before they were all gone.65

The interesting talk this PM with the An-et-ko or this people of Pelly Bay & especially with a woman who formerly came from Ook-goo-lik. This place means the big bay or salt water & land next it between Dease Strait & Simpson’s Strait SW of King Williams Land. One of Franklin’s ships drifted safely near to the land s. side of said Bay. One white man alive seen 1st by one Innuit & then by four on board of this ship.

The ship all right when she arrived there, three masts & 4 boats. The ship finally sunk by an unfortunate act of the Innuits. In getting out a timber inside of the ship made a hole in her bottom wh. soon caused her to sink down in deep water. Nothing to be seen of her now. Nothing seen of the white man after the party of four Innuits saw him.

51st encampment on the land N. side of Repulse Bay by the coast Latitude 66?-30′ Long. 86?-34′-45″W The native name of the place I-wil-lik.

Monday, June 4:1866

This Book I intend to use especially for noting such facts concerning Sir John Franklin’s Expedition as I can gain from time to time of the Pelly Bay natives whom myself & party met on the ice of Sea of Ak-koo-lee within 2 or 3 miles of the coast west side, in Lat 68?-00′-00″ N & Longitude 88?-17′-15″

At the present date, only a part of the Pelly Bay natives that we met are here. The balance are expected to arrive soon. Indeed, when we left said natives we all supposed that we should meet together again before reaching Repulse Bay & travel thence from the place of our intended 2nd metting to here in company. On the evening of May 8th my company & the Pelly Bay natives encamped together, that is, all made one village of Igloos …

An interview with Su-pung-er who with his family (natives of Pelly Bay) came with us keeping with our company most of the way from Lat. 68?-00-00 N, Long. 88?-17′-15″ W (where I & my party met them) to this place.

3h-00 P.M. Present Su-pung-er, myself, my good Too-koo-li-too & the widow Mam-mark.

Su-pung-er had just told us that when he & his uncle were on Ki-ik-tung (as the natives denominate King Williams Land) they saw something that was a great curiosity to them & they could not make out what it was for. From his description of it, Too-koo-li-too suggests that it was a cook stove – it was very heavy & all iron. It had on one side or end a great many small pieces of iron close enough together to make it look something like spears – fish spears. By his language & symbolizing, these pieces of iron can be none other than a grate in the stove for burning hard coal. There were several heavy Oot-koo-seeks (kettles) with handles or bales. Too-koo-li-too has asked Su-pung-er why he did not get these kettles. He answers that he & uncle had as much of other things as they could carry & these Oot-koo-seeks were very heavy. Su-pung-er himself had 3 Boats oars & a mast besides some smaller articles that he found.

The place where this curiosity (stove) was, was close by the large tu-pik (tent). The tent they found was close by the coast above Back’s Bay, not far from Victory Point as Su-pung-er has shown on the chart that I placed before him.

A little back (inland) from the tent, was where his uncle 1st found a large piece of wood – a post or pillar sticking up & this drew his uncle’s attention to something by it. The pillar was broken off. They both thought it had been broken off by a Ni-noo. This post or pillar was sticking upright in the ground & was beside some flat stones that were very tight to-gether. They thought there must be something covered up by these stones & they tried very hard to get one loose. There was a hole near one end that appeared to have been made by some strong wild animal. After trying to raise one of these stones & failing they went back to where the tupik was. After a while they concluded to go & make other attempts to raise some of the stones where the pillar was found. At last they were successful in raising enough of the stones to see what they covered up. They found a hole of the depth from the feet up to the navel & of a length more than a man’s height & wider than the width of a man’s shoulders & this was all nicely walled with flat stones placed one above another, flatwise. In this vault they found a clasp knife, a skeleton bone of a man’s leg & a human head (skull). There was much water, mud & sand at the bottom of the vault. The sand had been carried in by water, as they thought, running in at the hole that had been made by the wild animal on one side of the vault. Near this vault they saw parts of a human skeleton with fragments of clothing on the limbs. There was no head about these skeleton bones & Su-pung-er & his uncle concluded that the same wild animal that had made the hole in the vault had taken these skeleton bones out of the vault & dragged them where he & his uncle saw them.66

Su-pung-er had on this page at my desire just been marking out with my pen the vault covered with stones. It is a very rude draft as Nuk-er-zhoo (who happened to come in at the time Su-pung-er was making it) placed his finger on this plan before the ink had dried thus defacing it. I will have Su-pung-er make another & then proceed to describe it.

1866 July 12 Thurs.

3h-15m PM Present Koong-e-ou-e-like-ou-e-leek & my good Interpreter Too-koo-li-too.

Koong-e-ou-e-lik has just come in to tell me something more about Sir John Franklin’s Expedition. He has brought with him a double edged knife wh. Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u gave him. It came from Ook-joo-lik he says & I think the Innuits made the knife of a saw plate. K. says it was made of an oo-loo (saw) & Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u got it where white men starved Koong-e-ou-e-lik says that many years ago four boys (Innuit boys) about the size of Sheu-nuk-shoo went out on the coast of King Williams Land (Kee-ik-tung) searching for wood – drift wood – with wh. to make bows & arrows. While prosecuting this search they saw two tents – canvass [sic] tents – near the sea – one tent very large much larger than the other. The larger tent by the description of K of the grass plant {?} between our seat on the bed place in my tent & some of the firm, clean rock structure of the country, full 20 to 25 feet in diameter. The larger tent round the other long & narrow like like [sic] my tent wh. is of form of a steep ridge-pole-roof of a house. The boys were very much afraid & did not go to the tents but hastened home & told the news of what they had seen. Next day a great many Innuits – men, women & children – went to the tents. Before they got to the tents every thing about the indicated that they were not inhabited by any living being. Being satisfied of this there was no hesitancy of the Innuits going directly to them.67

Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u was one of the number of this Innuit party visiting the tent. The Innuits found the tents both filled with dead white men some lying top of others crosswise. (Many) of the bodies of these dead men were mutilated by having had flesh cut off – good many with the heads cut off & some with flesh all off leaving mere skeletons. Under one body wh the Innuits thought was an Esh-ee-mut-ta-nuk (2nd officer or mate) they found many things knives, double barrel gun saws & beside of the body wh was well dressed & unmutilated they found a long box. This box was not opened by this party of Innuits first visiting these tents as they did not know the nature or use of such things, but the next party that went to the tents opened the box & found in it a great many fine things silver forks, spoons.

The 1st visiting party on finding the tents filled with dead bodies soon commenced clearing the tents their object being to get all the things there. To get at these things they had to carry as they did, one dead body after another out of the tents. Beneath the corpses the valuable things were found. Watches & clasp knives were found in the {illegible} covering the corpses. Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u said that these tents were found only a few days after he met Ag-loo-ka. On getting Koong-e-ou-e-lik to give me the Kobluna name of this Ag-loo-ka says it was Oo-li-zen wh. name I know to mean Crozier form what has many times been communicated to me by the Repulse Bay natives.

… Koong-e-ou-e-lik has again come in being anxious to tell all he knows about Franklin’s Expedition or rather of what he has heard from his cousins & other Innuits wh were among those who visited the described tents – especially of what he has heard Too-shoo-art-thar-i-u his cousin tell him of Ag-loo-ka (Oo-li-zen).68

The very first thing Koong-e-ou-e-lik tells now is that Ee-noo-poo-she-jook once found some oo-loon (hand saws) at E-to-to-wig & these he (E) cut up to make knives of. (Here parenthetically, I may note the fact that in every interview I have with Innuits on the subject of the lost expedition (Franklin’s) more or less is mixed in that has reference to Rosses’ Expedition in the “Victory”. This on 1st meeting with the Pelly Bay Innuits troubled me much. In fact after hearing the story of Old Kok-lee-arng-nung & that of his wife’s about Ag-loo-ka & his chief – Too-shoo-art-thar-i-uloo-a – Capt. John Ross I really was overwhelmed with joyous emotions for I believed they had visited many times Sir John Franklin’s ships while beset in the ice near King Williams Land & there met him, Crozier & all their company. It took something like three days while encamped on the ice sea of Ak-koo-lee in Latitude 68?-00′ N to find out the fact that all the old man & wife had told me was of Captain & Commander Ross. Now what Koong-e-ou-e-lik has just told of the saws being found at E-to-to-wig refers to the place where Ross had his Victory moved. I have got Too-koo-li-too so well posted now that whatever is told me she knows at once what refers to Franklin’s Expedition & what to Ross’es. And yet I am very careful to keep this fact from all the Innuits except T that Ag-loo-ka the First was not the same person as Ag-loo-ka the Second. James C. Ross unfortunately called himself Ag-loo-ka while among the Innuit at Neit-chil-lee wh. name was given to Crozier by the Innuits when Parry’s expedition was at Ig-loo-lik. [Crozier told the Innuits at Igloolik that he purposed to come into the Innuits country sometime as Esh-e-mut-ta (Captain) with a ship or ships & he wished them to tell all Innuits they should meet, that his name was Ag-loo-ka & of what he expected to do.] What is here in brackets has at various times by various Innuits belonging to Repulse Bay been told to me.)69

Koong-e-ou-e-lik furthermore says that Su-pung-er’s father once found two Boats at E-to-to-wig. The Innuits of his (K’s) country & all the Net-tee-lik (Neit-chil-lee) Innuits believe that the Kob-loo-nas who came to E-to-to-wig in a ship were starving but that Ag-loo-ka (J.C. Ross) did not starve. (Koong-e-ou-e-lik has just got sight of an Ook-jook on the ice not far off & now has gone with his gun to try for a shot at it) …

[Seepunger’s wife Ki-u-tuk] never heard of any white men or man living along with Innuits as I [Hall] do. All she knows is that Too-shoo-art-thar-u saw Ag-loo-ka & some men took them home & made them well. Did you ever see Too-she-art-thar-u [sic]? She smiles & answers Why his all the same as father to me. Have heard him tell all about Ag-loo-ka.

Ag-loo-ka was very sick, poor & hungry & Too-shoo-art-thar-u took him home fed him on salmon & seal & he got fat & well again. Too-shoo-art-thar-u did never tell her much about Ag-loo-ka but she has often heard him telling stories about him to other older Innuits.70

“SIR JOHN FRANKLIN BOOK”
58933-n (28)

Talk with Koolooa “After the death of Kia … so plain” (p 1-2)

Artungnun tells of campsite – Friday Apr 10/68 – pp 3-11
dog/Ingnearing – pp 14-18

Arnalooa confirms husband – pp 12-13

Innu & boys see Etkerlin – Apr 15/68 – pp 28-34

Ooshoo – Christie Lake – pp 35-38

Old lady at Pelly Bay (Jerry’s mom) – pp 38-40

Artungnun – dog timing – 41

Arkootoo (kia sister) – May 13/68 – pp 43-48

Kudloon – May 15/68 – pp 49-55

Kou-may-yoe – May 17/68 – 57-59

” May 18/68 – 60-61

Kou-lou (Kia sister)- May 22/68 – 63-64

Net-tar – (& son & mouse) – May 22/68 – 65-66

” – May 24/68 – 66-68

Ou-e-la (footprints) – Dec 31/68 – 73-76

” Jan 2/69 – 77

Eveeshuk – Jan 2/69 – 78-9

Kawonga – Jan 8 (9?)/69 – 85

Armouyer – arnuk – 91-97

” – kia’s tale – Jan 11/69 – 98-100

Grinnell letter, June 20/69 – 101-104

Interview with Innook – July 2/69 – 105-115

” – July 4/69 – 115-119

”  – July 5/69 – 119-125 (Shartoo – p 122-124)

”  – July 9/69 126-130 (Hall thinks Aglooka exchanged names with J.C. Ross at Igloolik)

”  – July 14/69 – 131-133

” – July 15/69 – 134-141 (conspiracy by “Jack” to steal a wife)

Captain Fisher & Crozier’s death – Aug. 6/69 – 142

EXTRACTS:

(3) men of the number that had formerly been to Ig-loo-lik with Parry; their names; – “Agloo-ka (Crozier), Par-kee & Too-loo-el-ling71

In-k [In-nook-poo-zhe-jook] says that the place where the Ook-joo-ling-meute found the part of the Chr. box wh. his son let me have was on a small Island quite near but S. of O’Reilly Island, the small island called by the natives Ook-soo-e-too found under a heap of stones where it had been secreted by some other Innuits & near these on the coast amidst ice the Ook-joo-ling-meutes found the top of the mahogany writing desk I have. In-k [I-nook-poo-zhe-jook] says on my asking where these things came from, that the Ook-joo-ling-meutes say they came from a 3 masted ship that was found in the ice one spring near O’Reilly Island. He says where he (I-k) has found several pieces of mast of that ship in, as he points out, in Macgillivray Bay.

In-k says that when he was a boy – (his height then as he indicates with one hand about 4 feet) – he saw Aglooka & Too-loo-a (that is Commander James & Capt. John Ross).72

I here note what information I have received from Capt. Fisher [of the whaler ANSEL GIBBS] relative to what he had heard about Crozier’s arrival & death in the locality of Chesterfield Inlet, while he (Capt. Fisher) was in Winter Quarters at Marble Island (this last winter 1868-9).

The information, Captain Fisher said, was drawn out of “Kin-na-pa-toos” – Innuits that are natives along the locality of Chesterfield Inlet – who from time to time came over the ice from the main land to Marble Island to visit the ships there.

The sense & substance as communicated to me is that a white man arrived among the Kin-na-pa-toos many years ago & that he was finally murdered – or what was the same – was starved to death – & this white man, Capt. Fisher says, was Crozier. Another white man was with Crozier but he died before getting among the Kin-na-pa-toos. How Capt. F. knows that the white man that was murdered was Crozier, he did not tell me … Capt. F. said that it was quite impossible to get the old Innuits to tell anything about the matter but what information he did get was out of younger ones.73

On asking In-nook-poo-zhe-jook from whence 3 an-nou-tous (snow dust pounders) showing him one after another, came from, he said on examining them carefully that they all came from Oot-joo-lik – from the ship wrecked there … from the shore of a small island called Ar-ve-wing-mow-ving (as near as I can make out the almost unspeakable word) & this near by where the ship that drifted to Ook-joo-lik was 1st seen & was finally sunk & broken up.74

58922-N (#14)

[Ou-e-la] as fine a specimen of an Esquimaux as ever I met.75

58937-N (#32)

This See-jok-big a great place in olden times for Innuits to resort to in the fall to kill deer & live on the ice through the winter bringing whale blubber from Iw-il-lik for fuel as Ou-e-la tells me.76

[Jerry tells Hall where Rae camped & fished near Committee Bay – was quite familiar with Rae’s movements and activities]77

[On Mar 31/69 Hall crosses a river called Kee-goo-wi-ark, south of Cape Weynton] Here Dr Rae had an enct. & made a deposit of provisions when on his 1st journey in 1847 & had an enct. here again in 1854.78

Rae’s chart to be relied on79

By help of Jerry & Pa-pa in answer to my question if all the white men died who were a long time ago at Ki-ki-tung as he told me he [Kobbig] said “All but 2 & one of them Ag-loo-ka. These 2 men seen by three natives of his (Kob-big’s) acquaintance, one Too-shoo-art-thar-u, another [blank] & the 3d [blank]. The last seen of them they went south80

… The wife of Kob-big told me that she well recollected seeing Ag-loo-ka (J.C. Ross) when he was at Neitchille a great many years ago, when one ship was there, she was then quite young. The Innuits suppose the Ag-loo-ka whom Too-shoo-art-thar-u saved from starving when a great many white men died of starvation on & about Ki-ki-tuk (KWL) to be the same individual as went by the name of Ag-loo-ka at Neitchille when one ship (the Victory) was there.81

The chart of Dr Rae’s very good – I have had great assistance from it … I am surprised to find such precision in the Geographic work wh. Dr Rae has performed in this country.82

[Koo-wik tells of the tracks of “3 men & a dog seen at Ook-soo-tee-too.”]83

“know the distinct history of every thing they possess.”84

[In-k tells of monument at E-te-u, found in 1856]85

I ask I-k if the boat wh. Poo-yet-ta found in the Inlet W. side of Point Richardson was in good order -if it looked as if it had been stove by the ice in any way? (The interpreter) Ans. No – the boat was in complete order – but inside of the boat under a “Tent” covering it from end to end were many dead white men in bed that is under blankets some with hands sawed off at eh wrists. Poo-yet was sure some had lived there all winter – he found the boat in the spring of the year … there is something mysterious …86

There is the story wh. the wife of See-pung-er (one fo the Pelly Bay natives) told me in the spring of 1866 about the boat Poo-yet-ta her grandmother & other natives found in the inlet W. side of Point Richardson having many dead white men in or rather under the boat that has not been confirmed that is the total has not been confirmed. There is something about it that needs to be cleared up & if by the aid of In-nook-poo-zhe-jook I can get at the facts of the matter I will do so.

The woman to whom I refer got her information of her own grandmother who was the woman of 2 husbands Poo-yet-ta one of them. Her story of wh. I made careful notes at the time & wh. are at my Head Quarters Repulse Bay, in part was to the effect that the Boat when found was turned over its gunwale sunk in the mud – that the Innuits broke a hole through the bottom of the boat & through the hole inserted their hands pulling out this thing & that until finally the grandmother pulled out a human hand which at once proved a source of astonishment & dismay to the whole party so that all further proceedings were suspended for a while. At length a larger hole was made in the Boats bottom by smashing with stones when a great many dead white men were discovered all in one bed but all much mutilated except one & this one perfect – some had lost their feet – some feet & hands gone – some with hands off all the cuttings showed the instrument used to have been a saw – much provision in cans in the Boat the story winding up that this matter of the death & mutilated state of so many white men & one perfect – & much provision about caused a great Wonder in the minds of all Innuits of the Country they wondered how this could have happened. This same story Ou-e-la & “Jerry” heard (they now both say) the winter he with many other Repulse Bay natives were at Pelly Bay – the winter of 1853-54 … all heard the same story the very grandmother of See-pung-er’s wife who was of the party that found the boat was there …87

As observed in preceeding [sic] Book (no. 40) the story in question has not been confirmed by the Innuits I have met about K.W.L. Some accounts of the K.W.L. Innuits make it that the Boat was found by Poo-yet-ta & party at the very place See-pung-er’s wife pointed out to me in 1866, that is, in the Inlet w. side Point Richardson but that the boat was upright & had a ridge pole roof cover of canvas – that very many dead white men were found in the boat in bed – that is were under their bed blankets. The boat’s keel was sunk well down into the mud & hard frozen in it.

In-nook-poo-zhe-jook this PM came into our Ig-loo when Ou-e-la asked him how it was that he (Ou-e-la) had heard such a story as he had at Pelly Bay [the story here referred to related near close of Book 40] about the boat & white men found in it not far from Noo-roe-te-roo (Point Ogle). In-nook-poo-zhe-jook replied that he did not know how to a/c [account] for that story unless it had got mixed up with something that took place long time before near Kil-le-nan-choo a place wher the “Victory” once at anchor near Boothia Felix Peninsula at a place called Noo-roe-tee-roo (a place same native name as Point Ogle) not far from Kil-le-nar-choo a capsized boat was found on the land – a great many things found under this boat cans, barrells [sic] with provision in this deposit. Besides these things some bones found under this boat & thought to be a white mans. As to this last as in the last 2 lines, Hannah says I-k seems to tell 2 stories & she tells me I better not set it down till I-k tells more of this matter … As before remarked a mystery hangs over the Inlet W. side of Point Richardson – the boat found there. Will this mystery ever be solved?88

I have been thinking when we get under way again to direct our course due E so as to come onto the sea Ak-koo-lee at Point Sieverwright (E-tu-u-ke) that I may inspect the monument I-k has told me was there wh. was erected by white men in “1856”. [The year I have determined from Innuit description – H.] On talking with Jerry & In-k they say that the Cape on Rae’s chart wh. he calls Sieveright is not E-tu-u-ke but Cape Barclay is E-tu-u-ke – In-k says the monument of the Kod-lu-nans (whites) is one day’s walking journey above E-tu-uke as the Innuits have told him. In-k never saw this monument himself.89

[Hall decides not to go to E-tu-uke as “I feel decidedly indisposed & would be called a sick man among civilized people, but I do not like to ackowledge myself so”]90

[Hall has a very sever abdominal seizure – “I had thoughts that my very life was ebbing” which delayed departure from his 41st enct near C. Weynton]91

O that I could have met Crozier & party 21 years ago on KWI with the same facilities I have had on this sledge journey then, I am sure we could have saved the whole company & brought them without the loss of a man back to Repulse Bay! It is not with any egotistical feeling that I say this but with a full confidence in what I now know of the country through wh. we have made this sledge journey.” [later that day killed 21 out of about 70 musk-oxen seen]92

What a pity tha Crozier had not known the resources of the country from near KWL thence to Repulse Bay by the route we have travelled to & from that Island for then he & Co. could have taken simply their sledges laden with guns & ammunition & a sufficient amount of provision to last them to about the location of the Murchison River & from there to Repulse Bay there could have been no difficulty in killing enough game to subsist the whole party provided Crozier had a few hunters like himself. And after getting to Repulse Bay, could Crozier & party have found no means of getting nearer the land of their homes, they could have lived for years on their own energetic efforts …93

[See-jok-big is a place at the N. end of Miles Lake]94

[Total game killed on journey to and from KWI – 79 Musk-oxen, 18 Reindeer, 2 Seals]95

58914-N (#6)

Four souls of SJF’s Expedition heard from – one of these F.R.M. Crozier! Three of These may yet be alive. The Innuits think they are.96

That same man Crozier who was at Ig-loo-lik when Parry & Lyon were there was Esh-e-mut-ta (meaning Captain in this case, tho’ litterally [sic] Chief) of the two ships lost in the ice at Neitch-il-le. Crozier was the only man that would not eat any of the meat of the Kob-lu-nas as the others all did. Crozier & the three men with him were very hungry – but Crozier though nearly starved & very thin, would not eat a bit of the Koblunas – he waited till the Innuit (who was with him & the three men) caught a seal & then Crozier only eat one mouthful one little bit first time. [[Marginal note: “Too-koo-li-too has just been talking with Shu-she-ark-nuk who is now in our Igloo about his cousin’s 1st finding Crozier & his 3 men. The seal alluded to in 11th line from bottom this page, was not caught till 2 or 3 days after 1st meeting the Kob-lu-nas. It was not of this seal that the 1st bite & 2nd given to Crozier, were taken. The cousin had a small piece of raw seal on his sledge which he had saved for his children, & from this he cut a bit & gave it to Crozier as quick as he could for he (C.) was so poor & nearly starved.”]]97 Next time Crozier eat of the seal he took a little larger piece though that was a little bit too. One man of the whole number (there was 4 including Crozier) died because he was sick. The others all lived & grew fat & finally Crozier got one Innuit with his Ki-ak (this was probably a small Halkett air-boat) to accompany him & the two men in trying to get to the Kob-lu-nan country by travelling to the southward. The Innuits here think these two men & Crozier are alive yet – think that they may have returned to Neitch-il-le if they found they could not get home to the Kob-lu-na country, & lived again with Innuits.98

The Innuits at Pelly Bay told Ou-e-la, Shu-she-ark-nuk & Ar-too-a all about Crozier – they (the Pelly Bay Innuits) said that Crozier told the Neitch-il-le Innuits that he (C.) a great many years before had visited Iw-wil-lik (Repulse Bay), Nu-e-nung-eu-su-a (Winter Island) & Ig-loo-lik with two ships – that while at the latter two places he (C.) got acquainted with a great many of the Innuits. When Ou-e-la & his brothers, Shu-she-ark-nuk & Ar-too-a heard the story how hungry Crozier had been they felt very bad for they had heard how very kind he (C.) had been to Innuits at Nu-e-nung-eu-ju-a (Winter Island) & Igloolik when he was at those places. The Innuits of Pelly Bay heard of Crozier through their relatives who live at Neitch-il-le. The same Innuits told them all about the two ships & how they were deserted – how most all the Kob-lu-nas starved & eat one another. The two winters the two ships were in the ice near Neitch-il-le were very cold. The Innuits never knew such very cold weather – there was no summer between the winters – could catch no seals or kill any rein-deer at most of the usual places where they were wont to find them.99

This morning I have had another talk with Ou-e-la, Shoo-she-ark-nuk & Ar-too-a about some of the men of Franklin’s Expedition. The man who caught seals for Eg-loo-ka (Crozier) & his men – the three with him (C.) – is their cousin. His name Too-shoo-art-thar-ri-u. He has another name which is Kar-noo-e-nu-un & is the son of old Ook-bar-loo’s sister … Too-shoo-art-thar-ri-u is same age as See-gar who is an inhabitant of our Igloo village. Both were boys about 10 years of age when Parry was at Igloolik. Too-shoo-art-tar-ri-u told them (Ou-e-la, Shoo-she-ark-nuk, Ar-too-a & Nuk-er-zhu) all about Crozier, the two ships & of the men’s starving etc. etc. when they were stopping at Ok-kee-bee-jee-loo-a (Pelly Bay). It was the same year when the few Kob-lu-nas came there having with them an Innuit whose name was Oo-ling-buck. [This of course refers to Dr Rae & his men & therefore the time was 1854. All the brothers named saw Dr Rae in 1847 & also in 1854.] They (the Innuits with whom I had the interview) counted with fingers the number of years ago when at Pelly Bay & made 10 & maybe one more. When their cousin, Too-, 1st found Crozier & the three men with him, Crozier’s face looked bad – his eyes all sunk in – looked so bad that their cousin could not bear to look at his face. Their cousin gave Crozier a bit of raw seal as quick as he could when he 1st saw him – Did not give any to the other three for they were fat & had been eating the flesh of their companions. It was near Neitch-il-le that this occured on the ice. Their cousin is now living at Neitchille. When he (Too-) 1st saw Crozier & the men with him he was moving, having a loaded sledge drawn by dogs. He was going from place to place – making Igloos on the ice – & sealing – he had with him his wife, whose name is Ee-laing-nur & children. [[Marginal note: “They had but one child at this time though the wife had another prospective one – a little one in her (in utero) “about as big as her fist.””]]100 Crozier & his men had guns & a plenty of powder shot & ball. The Cousin took Crozier & his men along with him & fed them & took good care of them all winter. – Bye & bye they all moved to Neitchille & lived with the Innuits who are very numerous there. One of the men who was with Crozier died – not because he was hungry but because he was sick. Beside a high cliff Innuits saw something like Now-yers (Gulls) fall down to the ground dead & would not touch them for Crozier had done something to them – they (the Innuits) knew not what. In the summer Crozier & his men killed with their guns a great many birds – ducks, geese & Rein-deer. Crozier killed many – very many of the latter. The Innuits saw him do it. A Neitch-il-le Innuit went with Crozier & his remaining two men when they started to go to their country. They had a Ki-ak with which to cross rivers & lakes. They wend down toward Oot-koo-seek-ka-lik [the Estuary of Great Fish or Back’s river] Their cousin liked Crozier very much. Crozier wanted to give their cousin his gun but he would not accept it for he (the cousin) was afraid of it – he did not know any thing about how to use it. Crozier gave him his long knife [sword as Too-koo-li-too & E-bier-bing interpret it] & nearly every thing he had. He (C.) had many pretty things. Crozier told Too-shoo-art-tar-ri-u all about what had happened but he (T.) could not understand all. This cousin now alive & knows all what he saw & what Crozier told him. When I see thier cousin he will tell it to me – they [my informants] did not ask their cousin a great many questions about this matter & are now sorry that did not for if they had they could tell me a great deal more.101

Crozier told the cousin about a fight he & many of his men (before they died) had had with the Indians [called Et-ker-lin by the Innuits here] Crozier used often to tell their cousin many interesting stories of what had happened to him (C) while near Neitch-il-le. About the time Crozier & his company had the fight with the Indians he (C.) used to go out hunting with his gun & to look at the land. One day when out on the land, as he (C.) was walking along he saw all at once Et-ker-lin (Indians) creeping up toward him behind some rocks. Suddenly one Indian very near him (C.) jumped up from behind a big stone & threw his lance at him hitting him (C.) in the forehead. The lance passed right across the forehead of Crozier just above the eyebrows & cut a long ugly gash in it (This gash was not straight across – that is parallel with the eye-brows – but was angular). Crozier having his gun all loaded & ready, immediately shot at this Indian, killing him instantly on the spot. All the other Indians there ran away. Next morning Crozier with a Boat load of his men, went to the land where he had killed the Indian, & there they had a big fight with the same Indians he (C.) had seen. The Indians, having only lances while the Kob-lu-nas had guns, were all killed by Crozier & his Company. How many Indians did not know but there were a good many. This story told to the cousin who took care of Crozier & the few men with him after he found them. It was after this fight with the Indians that the men starved & froze to death – & then Crozier & three men lived with their cousin. No Kob-lu-nas was killed when this fight occurred with the Indians. Crozier told their cousin that all the men were dead but himself & the three men. Crozier told thier cousin of a big round tent – that he & his men had lived in, in very cold weather – that many of the men starved & froze to death. Their cousin told them [my informers] of several Boats – one had a great many things in it.102

The Innuits who gave me the preceding information concluded by saying that “the Kin-na-pa-toos” [a clan or tribe of Innuits that live around & in the neighborhood of Chesterfield Inlet & with whom these Innuits are acquainted] hear about the 2 ships which were in the ice near Neitchille & about the men who had left the ships starving & about the Boats before they [that is Ou-e-la & his brothers] heard of it. [Then the Kin-na-pa-toos certainly heard of it before Dr Rae’s visit to Repulse Bay & Boothia Felix Peninsula 1853&4!] These Innuits say they (the Kin-na-pa-toos) heard it over land, far to the west of this [that is the news got to the Kin-na-pa-toos from Neitch-il-le over land or some meridian between here & Back’s Great Fish River – by some route across {?} – much nearer to the latter than the coast of Rowe’s [sic: Roe’s] Welcome.]103

Relative to the Et-ker-lin (Indians) with whom Crozier & his men had the fight as told me this evening by the Innuits, I have this to say – Indians certainly do make their way sometimes up as far North as the neighbourhood of Neitch-il-le. Some of the Neitch-il-lee Innuits have had many severe fights with them. So Ou-e-la & his brothers have told me. When the Neitch-il-lee Innuits go inland to the southward, on their took-too (rein-deer) hunts, they are obliged to have one man of their number stand “watch” or guard while the others sleep. There is one Indian living with the Neitch-il-lee Innuits. He has a family & the Innuits there are very fond of him.104

At IVh-30m PM I asked Shoo-shu-ark-nuk (who was then in our Igloo) through Too-koo-li-too, to tell me exactly the way his cousin Too-, when he saw him [at Pelly Bay 1853-4] spoke the Kob-lu-na name of Eg-loo-ka, the Kob-lu-na Esh-e-mut-ta his cousin had found & fed. Shoo-she-ark-nuk immediately answered Oo-li-zharn which is the way the Innuits here generally pronounce the name Crozier.105

[pp 242-249, Dec 13/64, Hall pulls together all references to the name “Aglooka” in Ross’ and Parry’s works, and concludes that Crozier was called Aglooka at Igloolik, that he advertised that he would return as captain, that JC Ross, aware of this, appropriated the name when he returned in 1830, and that Crozier was then known as Aglooka when he returned in 1846.]106

At the time her nephew (Too-shoo-art-tar-ri-u) first found Eg-loo-ka (Crozier) & the men, his (T’s) son was two years of age. The small piece of raw seal meat Too-shoo-art-tar-ri-u had on the sledge at the time, was for this son who kept crying for it. At the same time, his (T’s) wife had a little one in her about the size of her fist [as the old lady said this she doubled up her hand & held it thus for a moment before my face]. When her nephew & his family met her (Ouk-bar-loo) & her sons with their families at Ok-kee-bee-jee-loo-a (Pelly Bay) his son (her nephew’s) was about same size & age as See-gar’s youngest [pointing to a lad the son of See-gar who was then in our Igloo & whose age is between six & seven years] & the little one, a girl, which was in utero not bigger than the fist at the time her nephew found Eg-loo-ka & the 3 Kob-lu-nas with him, was about the size & age as either of the three little children before us. [[unfortunately these children ranged from “a little over four years old” to six]]107

[“Oo-li-zhar” “is really the way old Ouk-bar-loo generally pronounces the name Crozier”]108

I will give a few instances of the peculiar pronunciation the Innuits give to names they have heard spoken: Chapel they speak See-pee-lar. Ask them to speak the name Chapel after you, “See-pee-lar” will be the result of their best efforts. Ask them to say Mr. Binks: Mr Bin. Chester they speak She-a-ter – Hall they pronounce Hull & occasionally one gets it Hell & perhaps all would speak it same way if they really knew what a hot place it represents.109

Eg-loo-ka lived with the Neitch-il-lee Innuits & learned as fast as he could how to kill Took-too (rein-deer) ducks, geese, gulls, etc. etc. It was in the spring of the year though then very cold weather when her nephew found Eg-loo-ka & the three men with him. It was a long time before the sea ice went away – her nephew was then sealing on the ice when he found him. Her nephew had seen Eg-loo-ka who was Esh-e-mut-ta (Chief or Captain) before – one year before on board of his ship which at that time was not far from Neitch-il-lee. Her nephew went to this ship on the ice in company of many other Innuits. After this visit to this ship, the Neitch-il-lee Innuits believed that the ship had gone away – gone home to the Kob-lu-na country; but the first they heard was that a great many Kob-lu-nas had frozen & starved to death. While Eg-loo-ka & his three men were living with her nephew, the Neitch-il-lee Innuits went to the ship & got a great many things from it. This fact Eg-loo-ka & her nephew learned when they arrived at Neitch-il-lee. – It was farther down – more to the southward – than Neitch-il-lee that her nephew found Eg-loo-ka & the three men. Eg-loo-ka & two men (one had died at Neitch-il-lee) started to go toward the Kob-lu-na country, the same year her nephew found them. They went on the land to the southward. Eg-loo-ka said they were going to that part of the country [as the old lady described it – that part of the country occupied by the Innits to the south of our present winter Quarters] belonging to the Kin-na-pa-toos. [Too-koo-li-too says: “I (T.) think from what the old lady has said, that Crozier & his few men with him, was going to try & get where the Kob-lu-nas live – either to Fort Churchill or York Factory. This taken in connection with what has before been told me by the Innuits of this place, that the Kin-na-pa-toos (Innuits in the vicinity of Chesterfield Inlet) knew of the abandonment of the two ships when near Neitch-il-lee, & all about the Kob-lu-nas (whites) having frozen & starved to death before Ou-e-la & his people heard of the same (which was in the winter of 1853&4), shows that there is a way of communication to the west of this, between Neitch-il-lee & Chesterfield Inlet]110

Old Ouk-bar-loo continued: –
Her nephew was very much attached to Eg-loo-ka. When he & his two men left the Neitchillee Innuits for the Kobluna country, they took their guns & much ammunition with them. It was in the fall of the year, in warm weather, when they started. Eg-loo-ka (Crozier) was then very well & fat.

In-nook-poosh-ee-joo is the name of an Innuit who went with others of his people aboard of Eg-loo-ka;s ship after they (the Neitchillee Innuits) heard that the Koblunas had all left it. This was while Eg-loo-ka & his three men were living on the ice in Igloo with her nephew. Inn- & his companions got, at that time, a great many things out of the ship. This Innuit (Inn-) often visits I-wil-lik (Repulse Bay). His other name is Nu-wee-che-uk.111

[Shooshearknuk’s wife Mammark] communicated the following: – Because the Koblunas gave the Innuits so little, or so few things when they (the Innuits) visited the ship (which was about one year before the Koblunas starved) a good deal of An-koo-ting was done by the An-et-kos of Neitchillee. This An-koo-ting was the cause of all the Koblunas troubles after the Innuits had visited the ship.112

Erk-tu-a says that the Innuits generally pronounce the name Crozier Oo-li-zhar – that there was another Kobluna on board of Parry’s ship when at Igloolik whose name was nearly the same. His name was Oo-li-ze [the accent falling on the 2d syllable] This man had an Innuit name – was named after an Innuit called Nood-loo … Oo-li-ze was on Parry’s vessel – not Lyon’s – & lived between aft-cabin & forecastle … Relative to this name Oo-li-ze, I may say that I have not been able to even guess whom it referred to, from the day Erk-tu-a 1st spoke about it which was on Thursday Dec. 6th (vide p. 210 this journal) to this. I have looked over time & again Parry’s list of names of the officers of the Fury & Hecla as in the Introduction of his Narrative, but could find no name that I thought had any similarity to Oo-li-ze. But to-day – this evening Erk-tu-a assisted me in determining to whom her “Oo-li-ze” refers. To get at it I done apparently some unecessary work – but no matter, the work done me no harm. I took the list of names (the one described above as in Parry’s Work) & run over nearly the whole of it thus: As I spoke each name, I had Erk-tu-a repeat after me. I began with “Lyon” in the “Hecla’s” column of officer’s names – run down said column, Erk-tu-a repeating each name after me as well as she could. I found she spoke no name anything like “Oo-li-ze”. Next, I commenced with “Parry” in the “Fury” column; & called out the succeeding names in their regular order. When I came to Crozier & spoke the name Erk-tu-a pronounced it Oo-li-zhart but on a second attempt she spoke it Cro-zharn. On & on I continued with the names, Erk-tu-a all the time following me & doing her best. As Erk-tu-a spoke the name Al-li-son after me or rather attempted to speak it, the mystery was instantly unveiled – “Oo-li-ze” followed my or rather Parry’s Al-li-son!

John Allison is down in Parry’s Table of officers names & rank, as “Greenland Master.” Erk-tu-a places the accent on 2d syllable as she speaks Oo-li-ze. Now it was perhaps the fact that the accent was used by the ship’s Company in speaking the name of this “Greenland Master” of Parry’s ship, on 2d syllable. If so, Al-li-son (the i with a long sound) would have quite a similar sound to Erk-tu-a’s “Oo-li-ze”.113

[Hall remarks on the curious fact that the Kinnapatoo seem to have learned of the Franklin disaster before Ou-e-la and the natives of Repulse Bay did – before the winter of 1853-4] How did the Kin-na-pa-toos get this News? If See-gar’s information be true, this question is already answered. I am sure something will be gained by using my very best efforts to get other testimony bearing upon the question: whether Eg-loo-ka did or did not arrive among the Kin-na-pa-too Innuits! See-gar positively says they (the Kin-na-pa-toos) told him (S.) that he (Eg-loo-ka) did. Perhaps he did – & perhaps he (Eg-loo-ka – Crozier) & his man were murdered by the Kin-na-pa-toos, for, according to the accounts of the Innuits with whom I have so far wintered, they (the Kin-na-pa-toos) are a treacherous people. [Hall mentions here that the Kinnapatoos tried to enlist the Iwillik natives in a plot to attack two whaling ships in 1860-1, when Hall checked with Captain Chapel he confirmed that he had been aware of the plot at the time.]114

[Ookbarloo told of] her nephew, Too-she-art-tar-ri-u [sic] told her about one man who was with Crozier when he (T.) found him that was Crozier’s Pee-ee-loon! [that is as Too-koo-li-too says Crozier’s steward or waiter or Mate] Her nephew said he was very smart would do anything & everything for Crozier – could hunt good & live like the Innuits. It was not this man that died while Crozier & the three men were with her nephew. [Too-koo-li-too now remembers that old See-gar mentioned the fact that Eg-loo-ka (Crozier) & his Pe-ee-loon were the two that the Kin-na-pa-too Innuits said had arrived safe among them & had gone to the Kob-lu-na country. She (Too-koo-li-too) further says that she believes from the old lady’s description of this man Crozier’s Pee-ee-loon was “Dr Ar-pik as the Innuits of her (T’s) country (Northumberland Inlet) called him, but whose name with title really was Dr. Mcdonald [sic] of Capt. Penny’s ship. “Ar-pik” is an Innuit word signifying smart, bright, quick & sometimes even good-looking. She (T.) says he liked the Innuits much & they liked him. He could hunt good. Dr Macdonald once wrote a book about her (T.) brother Ee-noo-loo-a-pik. This Macdonald became Surgeon of the “Terror”] (emphasis in original)115

1. 915, p 317

2. 915, p 330.

3. 915, p 346.

4. 915, p 351-52.

5. 915, p 403.

6. 915, p 34.

7. 915, p 45.

8. 915, p 57.

9. 915, p 62.

10. 915, p 65.

11. 915, p 74.

12. 916a May 18, 1866.

13. 916a May 18, 1866.

14. 916a, Booklet Apr. 9 – 14th, p 46.

15. 916a, Booklet Apr. 9th – 14th, p 51-52.

16. 916a, Booklet Apr. 9th – 14th, p 53-4.

17. 916a, Booklet Apr. 29 – May 1st, p 36-7.

18. 916a, Booklet May 3-7 1866, p. 20.

19. 916a, Booklet May 8-11/66.

20. 916a, Booklet May 25-26, 1866.

21. 926, p 121.

22. 926, July 22, 1868.

23. 936, Booklet for Feb. 17, 1868.

24. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

25. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

26. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

27. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

28. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

29. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

30. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

31. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

32. 936, Feb. 19, 1868.

33. 936, Feb. 25, 1868.

34. 936, Apr. 6, 1868.

35. 936, Apr. 6, 1868.

36. 936, Apr. 7, 1868.

37. 936, Apr. 8, 1868.

38. 936, Apr. 7, 1868.

39. 936, Apr. 8, 1868.

40. 936, Apr. 9, 1868.

41. 936, Apr. 17, 1868.

42. 936, Apr. 20, 1868.

43. 936, Apr. 21-22, 1868.

44. 936, Apr. 21-22, 1868.

45. 936, Apr. 24, 1868.

46. 936, Apr. 24, 1868.

47. 936, Apr. 24, 1868.

48. 936, Apr. 25, 1868.

49. 936, Apr. 25, 1868.

50. 936, Apr. 25, 1868.

51. 936, Apr. 25, 1868.

52. 936, May 5, 1868.

53. 936, May 8, 1868.

54. 936, May 8, 1868.

55. 936, May 9, 1868.

56. 936, May 12, 1868.

57. 936, May 17, 1868.

58. 936, May 19, 1868.

59. 936, May 20, 1868.

60. 936, May 20, 1868.

61. 936, May 20, 1868.

62. 936, May 28, 1868.

63. 919, 4 May 1866.

64. 919, 4 May 1866.

65. 919, 4 May 1866.

66. 919, 4 June 1866.

67. 919, 12 July 1866.

68. 919, 12 July 1866.

69. 919, 12 July 1866.

70. 919, 12 July 1866.

71. 933, p 38.

72. 933, p 127; see also ibid p 143-4.

73. 933, p 142.

74. 933, 144.

75. 922, Letter to Captain Chapel dated 8 Dec. 1864.

76. 937, Booklet 2 dated 26 March 1869.

77. 937, Booklet no. 3 dated 27 March 1869.

78. 937, Booklet no. 4, 31 March 1869.

79. 937, Booklet no. 6, 5 April 1869.

80. 937, Booklet no. 10, April 10 1869.

81. 937, Booklet no. 10, 10 April 1869.

82. 937, Booklet 19, 28 April 1869.

83. 937, Booklet no. 28, 8 May 1869.

84. 937, Booklet 28, 8 May 1869.

85. 937, Booklet 35, 16 May 1869.

86. 937, Booklet 40, 20 May 1869.

87. 937, Booklet 40, 21 May 1869.

88. 937, Booklet 41, 21 May 1869.

89. 937, Booklet 48, 3 June 1869.

90. 937, Booklet 48, 4 June 1869.

91. 937, Booklet no. 49, 5 June 1869.

92. 937, Booklet 51, 8 June 1869.

93. 937, Booklet 52, 9 June 1869.

94. 937, Booklet 53, 11 June 1869.

95. 937, Booklet 57, 19 June 1869.

96. 914, 6 Dec. 1864.

97. 914, p 207, 6 Dec. 1864.

98. 914, 6 Dec. 1864.

99. 914, 6 Dec. 1864.

100. 914, p 217, 8 Dec. 1864.

101. 914, pp 216-18, 8 Dec. 1864.

102. 914, pp 218-19, 8 Dec. 1864.

103. 914, p 219, 8 Dec. 1864.

104. 914, p 219-220, 8 Dec. 1864.

105. 914, p 242, 13 Dec. 1864.

106. 914, pp 242-9, 13 Dec. 1864.

107. 914, p 251, 14 Dec. 1864.

108. 914, p 251, 14 Dec. 1864.

109. 914, p 251, 14 Dec. 1864.

110. 914, pp 252-3, 14 Dec. 1864.

111. 914, p 253, 14 Dec. 1864.

112. 914, p 255, 14 Dec. 1864.

113. 914, p 256-7, 14 Dec. 1864.

114. 914, pp 260-1, 15 Dec. 1864.

115. 914, p 284, 22 Dec. 1864.